Reading files in PHP can be a tricky business if not handled correctly. Most often when confronted with reading a line from, the nearest tool to hand is the file() function. The problem with using the file() function is that it reads the whole file into an array, and thus, into memory [...] A better, and more efficient way is to loop through the file stream using the stream_get_line() function. Care still needs to be taken to clear the buffer on each iteration, or the same problem could potentially arise as with the file() method.

The code calls fopen on the file and, while it's not the end of the file, uses the stream_get_line function to grab things a line at a time. This saves you from having to read in the entire file (like with a file_get_contents or file - especially good for large files.